The International Neuroscience Winter Conference in 2010 is the 12th in a series of winter conferences at Central Hotel Sölden. Sölden is a lively village about 1 h drive from Innsbruck, Austria and hosts one of the major ski resorts in Austria. Keynote lectures highlight important topics in contemporary neuroscience. Symposia on topics related to the lectures supplement the scientific program. Poster presentations are accepted from all registered participants in any field of neuroscience.